Ke hana nei ka ʻoihana EEC Electric Vehicles i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.ʻOi aku ma mua o 1.7 miliona mau kaʻa i ʻōwili ʻia mai ka laina hui i ka makahiki i hala, ʻo ka pae kiʻekiʻe loa mai ka makahiki 1999. Inā hoʻomau ka ulu ʻana i kēia manawa, e haki ka moʻolelo mōʻaukala o 1,9 miliona mau kaʻa uila i 1972 i kekahi mau makahiki.Ma Iulai 25, ua hoʻolaha ʻo Yunlong, nona ka Mini brand, e hana ia i kahi hiʻohiʻona uila āpau o kēia kaʻa compact ma Oxford mai 2019, ma kahi o ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana e hana ia ma Netherlands ma hope o ka referendum Brexit.
Eia naʻe, ʻo ke ʻano o nā mea hana kaʻa he paʻakikī a me ka melancholic.ʻOiai ka hoʻolaha ʻana o Yunlong, liʻiliʻi ka poʻe e ʻoluʻolu e pili ana i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka ʻoihana.ʻOiaʻiʻo, hopohopo kekahi poʻe i ka referendum Brexit o ka makahiki i hala e hoʻonāwaliwali iā lākou.
Hoʻomaopopo nā mea hana i ka hui ʻana i ka European Union e kōkua i ka hoʻopakele ʻana i ka hana kaʻa Pelekane.He pōʻino ka hui ʻana o nā kaʻa like ʻole ma lalo o British Leyland.Ua hoʻopau ʻia ka hoʻokūkū, ua stagnate ka hoʻopukapuka kālā, a ua emi ka pilina o ka hana, no laila e pale aku nā luna i hele i loko o ka hale hana i nā missiles.ʻAʻole hiki i ka makahiki 1979 ka ʻimi ʻana o nā mea hana kaʻa Iapana i alakaʻi ʻia e Honda i nā kumu hoʻokuʻu aku i ʻEulopa, a hoʻomaka ka emi ʻana o ka hana.Ua komo ʻo Beretania i ka mea i kapa ʻia ʻo European Economic Community i ka makahiki 1973, e ʻae ana i kēia mau hui e komo i kahi mākeke nui.Ua hoʻohui ʻia nā kānāwai hana maʻalahi o UK a me ka ʻike loea i ka hoʻopiʻi.
ʻO ka mea hopohopo, ʻo Brexit e hana hou i nā hui haole.ʻO ka ʻōlelo kūhelu o Toyota, Nissan, Honda a me ka hapa nui o nā mea hana kaʻa ʻē aʻe e kali lākou i ka hopena o nā kūkākūkā ma Brussels i ka hāʻule aʻe.Hōʻike ka poʻe pāʻoihana mai ka lilo ʻana o kāna hapa nui i ke koho balota ʻo Iune, ua makemake nui ʻo Theresa May e hoʻolohe iā lākou.Me he mea lā ua ʻike hope ka ʻAha Kuhina e koi ʻia kahi manawa hoʻololi ma hope o ka haʻalele ʻana o United Kingdom i ka European Union i Malaki 2019. Akā ke neʻe nei ka ʻāina i kahi "Brexit paʻakikī" a haʻalele i ka mākeke hoʻokahi o ka EU.ʻO ka hiki ʻole o ke aupuni liʻiliʻi o Mrs. May ke hiki ʻole ke loaʻa i kahi ʻaelike.
Ua lilo ka maopopo ole.Ma ka hapa mua o ka makahiki 2017, ua emi iho ka waiwai o ka hana kaa i 322 miliona paona (406 miliona US dala), i ka hoohalikeia me 1.7 biliona paona i ka makahiki 2016 a me 2.5 biliona paona i ka makahiki 2015. Ua emi iho ka puka.Manaʻo kekahi luna, e like me kā Ms. Mei i ʻōlelo ai, ʻo ka manawa e loaʻa ai ke komo i ka mākeke kūikawā kūikawā no nā kaʻa he "zero".Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Mike Hawes o SMMT, kahi hui ʻoihana, ʻoiai inā loaʻa kahi kuʻikahi, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o nā kūlana o kēia manawa.
I ka hihia koʻikoʻi loa, inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa kahi kuʻikahi kālepa, e hōʻike ana nā lula o ka World Trade Organization i ka 10% tariff ma nā kaʻa a me ka 4.5% tariff ma nā ʻāpana.Hiki i kēia ke hōʻeha: ma ka awelika, 60% o nā ʻāpana o kahi kaʻa i hana ʻia ma UK e lawe ʻia mai ka European Union;i ka wā o ka hana kaʻa kaʻa, hele kekahi mau ʻāpana ma waena o UK a me ʻEulopa i nā manawa he nui.
Ua ʻōlelo mai ʻo Mr.ʻO ka awelika o ka loaʻa kālā ma ʻEulopa 5-10%.Ua hana maikaʻi nā hoʻopukapuka nui i ka hapa nui o nā hale hana ma UK, no laila he wahi liʻiliʻi no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā kumukūʻai.Hoʻokahi manaʻolana e makemake ana nā hui e pili e hoʻemi mau ʻo Brexit i ka paona e hoʻopau i nā uku;mai ka referendum, ua hāʻule ka paona i ka 15% kū'ē i ka euro.
Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole paha ʻo ka tariffs ka pilikia koʻikoʻi.ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka mana kuʻuna e keʻakeʻa i ke kahe ʻana o nā ʻāpana ma o ka English Channel, a laila e keakea ana i ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka hale hana.Hiki ke hoemi i na koina.Hoʻopili ʻia ka hapa o ka manawa hana o nā ʻāpana he nui, no laila he mea nui ke kahe ʻana.ʻO kahi ʻāpana o ka lawe ʻana i ka mea kanu Nissan Sunderland e hoʻopau ʻia i loko o 15 mau minuke.ʻO ka ʻae ʻana i ka nānā ʻana i nā dute, ʻo ia ka mālama ʻana i nā waihona waiwai nui ma ke kumu kūʻai kiʻekiʻe.
ʻOiai kēia mau pilikia, e hahai anei nā mea hana ʻē aʻe iā BMW a hoʻopukapuka kālā ma UK?Mai ka referendum, ʻaʻole ʻo BMW wale nō ka hui e hoʻolaha i nā papahana hou.I ʻOkakopa, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Nissan e hana ia i ka hanauna hou o Qashqai a me X-Trail SUV ma Sunderland.I Malaki o kēia makahiki, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Toyota e hoʻolilo ʻo ia i 240 miliona paona e kūkulu i hale hana ma ke kikowaena waena.Ua haʻi ʻo Brexiteers i kēia mau mea e hōʻike ana e haʻalulu ka ʻoihana.
He manaʻo maikaʻi kēlā.ʻO kekahi kumu o ka hoʻopukapuka hou ʻana, ʻo ia ka lōʻihi o ka manawa o ka ʻoihana kaʻa: ʻelima mau makahiki mai ka hoʻomaka ʻana o kahi kumu hoʻohālike hou i ka hana ʻana, no laila ua hoʻoholo ʻia ma mua.Ua hoʻolālā ʻo Nissan e hoʻokomo i Sunderland no kekahi manawa.ʻO kahi koho ʻē aʻe no BMW ma Netherlands ʻo ia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea hana ʻaelike ma kahi o kahi hale hana BMW-he koho koʻikoʻi no nā hiʻohiʻona koʻikoʻi.
Inā hana kekahi hale hana i kēia ʻano kaʻa, kūpono ke hana i kahi mana hou o kahi kumu hoʻohālike i loaʻa (e like me ka Mini uila).Ke kūkulu ʻana i kahi hiʻohiʻona hou mai ka honua aʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nānā ʻana o nā mea hana kaʻa i waho.Ua hōʻike mua ʻia kēia i ka hoʻolālā o BMW.ʻOiai e hōʻuluʻulu ʻia ʻo Minis ma Oxford, e hoʻomohala ʻia nā pihi a me nā kaʻa i loaʻa nā ʻenehana hou a pau ma Kelemānia.
ʻO kekahi kumu o ka hoʻolaha ʻana ma hope o ka referendum ʻo ia ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa ikaika o ke aupuni.Ua loaʻa iā Nissan a me Toyota nā "hōʻoia" ʻaʻole i hōʻike ʻia mai ke kuhina e ʻae ʻole kā lākou mau ʻōlelo hoʻohiki iā lākou e uku mai kā lākou ʻeke ma hope o Brexit.Ua hōʻole ke aupuni i ka hōʻike ʻana i ka ʻike kikoʻī o ka ʻōlelo hoʻohiki.ʻAʻohe mea ʻē aʻe, ʻaʻole paha e lawa nā kālā no kēlā me kēia mea hoʻopukapuka kālā, kēlā me kēia ʻoihana, a i ʻole ka pau ʻole.
Ke kū nei kekahi mau hale hana i nā pōʻino koke.I Malaki o kēia makahiki, ua loaʻa i ka French PSA Group iā Opel, ka mea nāna i hoʻopuka iā Vauxhall ma UK, he lono maikaʻi paha ia no nā limahana Vauxhall.E ʻimi ʻo PSA e ʻoki i nā kumukūʻai e hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana, a aia paha ʻelua mau hale hana ʻo Vauxhall ma ka papa inoa.
ʻAʻole e haʻalele nā mea hana kaʻa a pau.E like me kā Andy Palmer ka luna o Aston Martin i kuhikuhi ai, ʻaʻole kūpono kāna mau kaʻa haʻuki makamae no nā poʻe pili i ke kumu kūʻai.Pela no Rolls-Royce malalo o BMW, Bentley a me McLaren malalo o Volkswagen.ʻO Jaguar Land Rover, ka mea hana kaʻa nui loa o Beretania, e hoʻokuʻu wale aku i 20% o kāna hana i ka European Union.Ua lawa ka mākeke kūloko no ka mālama ʻana i kekahi hana kūloko.
Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻōlelo ʻo Nick Oliver o ke Kula ʻOihana ʻOihana o ke Kulanui o Edinburgh e hiki i nā uku kiʻekiʻe ke alakaʻi i ka "holoʻi lohi, hoʻomau ʻole."ʻO ka hōʻemi ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻopau ʻana i kā lākou kālepa e hōʻeha i ka hoʻokūkū.Ke emi nei ka ʻoihana hoʻolako kūloko a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe, e ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā mea hana kaʻa i nā ʻāpana.Me ka ʻole o ka hoʻokomo nui ʻana i nā ʻenehana hou e like me ka uila a me ka hoʻokele autonomous, e hilinaʻi nui nā mea kanu hui Pelekane i nā mea i lawe ʻia mai.ʻO ka pōʻino kaʻa i loaʻa i ka maka o ka maka.Hiki i ka Brexit ke loaʻa nā hopena lohi like ʻole.
Ua ʻike ʻia kēia ʻatikala ma ka ʻāpana UK o ka paʻi paʻi ma lalo o ke poʻomanaʻo "Mini Acceleration, Main Issues"
Mai kona paʻi ʻia ʻana i ka mahina ʻo Kepakemapa 1843, ua komo ʻo ia i "he paio ikaika ma waena o ka ʻike holomua a me ka naʻaupō hoʻowahāwahā ʻia a me ka naʻaupō e keʻakeʻa nei i kā mākou holomua."
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-23-2021